業餘無線電愛好者(又稱「火腿」、「HAM」)自從無線電存在的早期就活躍在相關實驗與開發的前沿。在各個無線電頻段上,有多種常用的通信模式。 本頁面列舉了 AUR 中與業餘無線電有關的軟體,其中有些可以獨立運行,但多數處理數字通信的程序則需要配合無線電硬體或者音效卡使用。相關硬體可以購買,也可以自制。
通用信息
下面的很多程序都需要使用串口(如/dev/ttyS0)與發射器通信。首先,你的用戶需要在uucp用戶組中。要將一個用戶添加到uucp組中,以root身份運行下面的命令:
# gpasswd -a 用户名 uucp
之後註銷再重新登錄。
軟體列表
- Hamlib — 為無線電硬體和控制程序之間提供了一個通信界面。它只是用於幫助控制電台等硬體,並不是一個能獨立使用的程序。
- Soundmodem — 由Tom Sailer(HB9JNX/AE4WA)編寫,它能將音效卡作為一個分組無線電的數據機,從而能使用多種AX.25通信模式。波特率最高能達到9600bps, 但也取決於硬體配置和具體用途。Soundmodem可以在串口上作為一個KISS數據機或者AX.25網絡設備。To use soundmodem as an MKISS network device, the kernel must be re-built with MKISS modules. 該連結中有更多信息:Xastir wiki
- 以root身份運行soundmodem:
# soundmodem
- 若已將soundmodem配置為KISS數據機,則需要更改權限使用戶可訪問:
# chmod 666 /dev/soundmodem0
- https://web.archive.org/web/20130824024508/http://www.baycom.org/~tom/ham/soundmodem/ || soundmodemAUR
- Grig — 基於Hamlib的簡單的控制程序
- gMFSK — 支持多種數字模式,使用hamlib和xlog記錄日誌
- http://gmfsk.connect.fi || gmfskAUR
- lysdr — 高度可自定義的無線電界面程序
- linrad — SM5BSZ編寫的軟體定義無線電
- quisk — N2ADR編寫的軟體定義無線電
- owx — Command-line utility for programming Wouxun radios using CSV spreadsheets.
- http://owx.chmurka.net || owxAUR
- fldigi — W1HKJ開發的GUI程序,支持多種數字通信模式
- libfap — APRS包解析程序
- aprx — 輕量的APRS數字接口與i-Gate接口
- xdx — 網絡客戶端
- qsstv — 慢掃描電視
- || qsstvAUR
- linpsk — PSK31
- || linpskAUR
- xpsk31 — PSK31,GUI使用GTK+
AX.25
AX.25 — 一個廣泛應用於分組無線電的數據鏈路層協議。它既支持有線連接(如keyboard-to-keyboard contacts, access to local bulletin board systems, and DX clusters),也支持無線連接(如APRS)。Linux內核中有對AX.25的原生支持。這裡有更多信息:guideAUR中有以下軟體可用:
- ax25-appsAUR
- ax25-toolsAUR
- libax25AUR
- nodeAUR
- http://www.ax25.net/ || present in stock kernel
WSJT
WSJT (Weak Signal Communication by K1JT) — 提供了豐富的包括針對流星散射、電離層散射和VHF/UHF的EME(月球反彈)以及HF天波傳播優化的特定數字協議。WSJT的開發者是諾貝爾物理學獎得主Joe Taylor,無線電呼號為KIJT。該程序可以解碼電離流星軌跡反射的幾分之一秒的信號和低於可聽閾值10 dB的穩定信號。
WSJT正在由K1JT領導的程式設計師團隊進行持續的、積極的開發. WSJT (and the related program WSPR) has the option of being configured with
$ ./configure --enable-g95
or
$ ./configure --enable-gfortran
If you build with one and experience problems, edit PKGBUILD to try the other.
WSJT requires access to the serial port; see the note in the Interfacing section above about the uucp group.
WSPR
WSPR (Weak Signal Propagation Reporter, pronounced whisper) — enables the probing of propagation paths on the amateur radio bands using low power transmissions. It was introduced in 2008 by K1JT following the success and widespread adoption of WSJT by the amateur radio community. Stations with Internet access can automatically upload their reception reports to a central database called WSPRnet, which includes a mapping facility
Xastir
Xastir — stands for X Amateur Station and Information Reporting. It works with APRS, an amateur radio-based system for real time tactical digital communications. Xastir is an open-source program that provides full-featured, client-side access to APRS. It is currently in a state of active development.
Xastir is highly flexible and there are a wide variety of ways it can be configured. For example, it can be evaluated without radio hardware if an Internet connection is available. The wiki at xastir.org is very thorough and gives excellent information on its range of capabilities and setup.
An optional speech feature can be enabled with the festival包 package; you will also need a speaker package such as festival-en or festival-english. If you want this option, festival must be installed on your system before building xastir. Launch festival before the xastir program is started for speech to function properly:
$ festival --server
or you can write a simple script to automate the sequential starting process. There may be problems if other programs such as a media player are accessing sound simultaneously.
The PKGBUILD automatically downloads an 850 kB bundle of .wav files and places them here: /usr/share/xastir/sounds/
.
These are audio alarm recordings of a North American English speaker that do not require the presence of festival to render. The audio play command `play' in the configure menu may not work; try `aplay' instead.
- http://www.xastir.org || xastirAUR
數字語音
FreeDV — 是一個用於 HF 頻段的數字語音模式。它使用的是開源免費的 Codec2 語音編解碼器,有著窄帶寬、低數據速率的特點,特別適用於短波無線電通聯。使用FreeDV所需要的只有一台運行Free DV GUI程序的計算機,以及 SSB 模式的電台。對於 Arch Linux,FreeDV 和 Codec2 都可以從 AUR 獲取到。兩者都需要安裝好才能使用 FreeDV!
- https://freedv.org || freedvAUR
分析工具
- gpredictAUR – 實時衛星追蹤、衛星軌道預測
- hamsolarAUR – 在桌面上顯示當前太陽活動指數
- splatAUR – 無線電信號傳播、損耗和地形分析
- sunclockAUR – 用於預測灰線傳播路徑
- xnec2cAUR – 天線模擬軟體
通聯日誌
- cqrlog-binAUR – 常見的Linux日誌程序
- fdlogAUR – a Field Day Logger with networked nodes
- klogAUR – 運行在KDE上的業餘無線電日誌程序
- qleAUR – QSO 日誌記錄器和編輯器,用 Perl 編寫
- tlfAUR – a console mode networked logging and contest program
- trustedqslAUR – QSL application for ARRL's Logbook of the World
- xlogAUR – a logging program for amateur radio operators.
- yfklogAUR – 通用的*nix業餘無線電日誌程序
- yfktestAUR – 無線電愛好者的通聯競賽日誌程序
工具
- ctyAUR – 實體(國家)、前綴、呼號等信息,供業餘無線電日誌程序使用
- dxccAUR – a small program for determining ARRL DXCC entity of a ham radio callsign
練習莫爾斯碼
其他
- cwircAUR – 在IRC上收發莫爾斯碼